1 Pronumele





  Pronume personal
Persoana I singular:      N ego = eu
                                      G mei = de mine
                                      D suihi = imi
                                    Ac me = pe mine, ma
                                      V ------------
                                   Abl ml(cum) = cu mine

Persoana I plural:          N nos = noi
                                      G nostril = de noi
                                      G nostrum = dintre noi
                                      D vobis = noua, ne, ni
                                      Ac vos = pe noi, ne
                                      Abl nobis(cum) = cu voi

Persoana a II- a singular:   N tu = tu
                                           G tei = de tine
                                           D tibi = tie, ti, iti
                                         Ac te = petine, te
                                           V tu = tu
                                        Abl te(cum) = cu tine

Persoana a II-a plural:        N os = voi
                                           G vestre = de voi
                                           G vestrum = dintre voi
                                           D obis = voua
                                         Ac vos = pe voi
                                           V vos = voi
                                        Abl obis(cum) = cu voi





Declinarea I





G, sg – ce
N, sg – a

Genul –  in mare majoritate - gen feminine
–    cateva exceptii de gen masculine: - nume de barbate: Parsena
                                                                            - nume de ocupatii barbatesti:
                 agricola, poeta

Singular: N -a- silvare, listona
                G -ce- silvae, histoice
                D -ce- silvae, histoice
              Ac -am- silvam, historiam
                V -a- silve, historia
             Abl -a- silva, historia

Plural:     N –al- silval, histoiae
                G –orum- silvrum, historirum
                D –is- silvis, histois
              Ac –ae- silval, historal
            Abl – is- sileris, histories



SUM, ESEE, FUI(a fi)



Singular, persoana I  sum = eu sunt
                              II es = tu esti
                             III est = al este  


Plural, persoana I sumus = noi suntem
                          II estis = voi sunteti
                         III sunt = ei sunt


Indicative present al verbelor de conjugarea I si a II-a




Persoana I sg: o
              II: s
             III: t
Persoana I pl: sus
              II: tis
             III: nt

    canto, cantere, cautatum, cautavi   -  conjugarea I
cautoo – canto = eu cant
cantos – cantos = tu canti
              cantat
              cantamus
              cantatas
                   cantant

    video, videre, visum  -  conjugarea a II-a
                video = eu vad
                vides
                videt
                videmus
                videtis
                videtis
                vident



Declinarea a II-a



G, sg: i
N, sg: us, er, ir,um

Genul: se cunoaste de la N, sg.
    er, ir – gen mascsulin
    um – gen neutru
    us – in mare majoritatede gen masculine
-    cateva excepti gen feminine: - nume de arbori: populus
-    nume de orase: Roma


Declinare a II-a in US



G, sg: -i: borti, domini
N, sg: -us: leortus, dominus

 Singular: N us - fortus
                 G i - ferti, domini
                 D o - horta, domino
              Ac um - horti, dominum
                 V e - horte, domine
             Abl o - horto, domino

Plural:      N i – forti, domini
                 G orum –hotorum, dominorum
                 D is – hortis, dominii
               Ac as – fortas, dominos
                 V i – fotri, domini
              Abl is – hortis, dominis



Declinarea a II-a in ER si IR



G, sg:  -i
N, sg:  -er, is

 Gen masculin
Singular: N ager, vir
               G agri, viri
               D agro, miro
             Ac agrum, virum
               V agrer, vir
            Abl agro, viro

Plural:      N agri, viri
               G agrorum, virorum
               D agris, viris
             Ac agros, vires
               V agri, viri
            Abl agris, viris


Declinarea a II-a in UM

G, sg: -i
N, sg: -um
Gen neutru
 Atentie!!! Substantivele de gen neutruau intodeauna N=Ac=V

Singular N verbum
              G verbi
              D verbo
            Ac verbum
              V verbum
           Abl verbo

Plural    N verbo
             G verberum
             D verba
           Ac verba
            V verba
         Abl verbis


    
Indicativul present al verbului de conjugarea a III-a


Confugarea  a III-a tema consonatica +  o (I sg)
                         i+ s, t, nus, tis
                          is, it, imus, itis
                   unt (III pl)
scribo, scriber, scripri, scripri, scriptund  conjugarea a III-a
tema consonantica: scribo
                                scribes
                                scribit
                                scribinus
                                scribitus
                                scribitum


1 Conjugarea a IV-a

Tema + o,s,t,nus,ts
             unt (III pl)

audio, audire, audivi, auditum – conjugarea a IV-a
           audio
           audis
           audit
           audimus
           auditis
           audiunt



Clasa I de adjective


Cuprinde adjective cu 3 terminatii care se declina dupa declinarea I si a II-a
I – masculin: bonus (declinarea II in US)
II – feminin: luena(declinarea I )
III – neutru: bornum (declinarea II in UM)

Exemple:
o    Masculin: pulher, tener (declinarea a II-a in ER)
o    Feminin: pulchra, tenera (declinarea I)
o    Neutru: pulchrum, terum (declinarea a II-a in UM)

Declinarea a III –a

Genul din dictionar
homo, hominis
caput, capitis              dec a III-a imparisilabica
civis, civis     dec a III-a parisilabica

Declinarea a III-a imparisilabica
Sg    M-F    N    Pl    M-F    N
N    Pr forma    Pr forma    N    es    a
G    is    is    G    um    um
D    i    i    D    iuls    ilus
Ac    em    N    Ac    es    a
V    N    N    V    es    a
Abl    e    e    Abl    ilus    ilus


ATENTIE!  Substantivele de genul N au mereu N=Ac+V

Homo, hominiss = declinatia a III-a imparisilabica, gen masc, homin.

    Sg                                                                                       Pl
   N homo                                                                           N homines
   G hominis                                                                       G hominum
   D homini                                                                         D hominilus
 Ac hominem                                                                    Ac homines
   V homo                                                                           V homines            Abl homne                                                                       Abl hominilus

Atentie! Urmatoarele subs de decl a III-a :  monts, montis, montium
                                                                      urbs, urbis urbium
                                                                      gentium gens, gentis = neam, poor
                                                                      artium, ars, artis
                                                                      noctium, nox, noctis = noapte

Sunt false imparisilabice deoarece au la G. Pl. Term. ium



Imperativ prezent

Pers a II-a, sg
Conj I, a II-a, a III-a = tema verbului
Canto, cantare = canta
Video, videre = vide
Scribe, scribere = scribe
Audio, audire = audi

! Urmatoarele verbe de conj a III-a au imp prezent, pers a II-a sg = tema consonantica
Dicere = dice
Focire = foce
Ferire = feri
Ducere = duce

Pers a II-a pl
Conj I, a II-a, a IV-a = tema vd + te
Contate = cantati
Videte = vedeti
Audite = auziti

Conj a III-a = tema consonontica + i + te
Scribete = scrieti
dicite

    
Indicativ viitor

Conj I, II = tema vb +       bo
                                          bis
                                          but, bimus, bitis
                                          bunt
canto, cantare, cantarei, cantatum = a canta
cantabo = voi canta
cantabis
cantabit
cantabimus
cantabitis
cantabunt

video, videre, vidi, visum = vide
videbo = voi vedea
videbis
videbit
videbimus
videbitis
videbunt

Conj a III-a = tema consonanta
Scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptum = a scribe
Scribam
Scribet
Scribemus
Scribetis
Scribent

Conj a IV-a = tema + am
Audio,audire,auditum = audi
Audiam
Audies
Audiet
Audiemus
Audietis
Audient

Indicativ imperfect al verbelor de conf I, a II-a, a III-a  si a IV-a

Ba    sufixul specific de imperfect  
Canto, cantare, cantavi, cantatum conj I
Cantabam
Cantabas
Cantabat
Cantabamus
Cantabatis
Cantabant

Video, videre, vidi, visum = conj a II-a
Videbam
Videbas
Videbot
Videbamus
Videbatis
Videbant

Scribere, scribo, scripsi, scripsum = conj a III-a
Scribebam
Scribas
Scribat
Scribibamus
Scribebratis
Scribebant

Audio, audire, audiri, auditum = conj a IV-a
Audiebam
Audiebas
Audiebat
Audiebamus
Audiebatis
Audiebant



Numeralul

Numerarul cardinal

    I   unus, una, unum
   II  duo, duae, duo
  III  tres,tres, tria
  IV  quattuor
   V  guinque
  VI  sex
 VII  septem
VIII  octombrie IX novem
    X  decem

Numerarul ordinal
    I  primus, prima, promum
   II  secundus, secunda, secundum
  III  tertius, tertia, tertium
  IV  qvartus, qvartc, qvartum
   V  quintus, quinta, quinta
  VI  sextus, sexta, sextum
 VII  seqtimus,  septima, septimum
VIII  octavus, octava, octavum
   IX  nonum, non, nonum
    X  decimus, decima, decimum